Dynamic Bayesian networks are a universal tool for modeling stochastic processes that take place over time. In the process of describing transient probabilities of dynamic Bayesian networks, Markov circuits with discrete time are used. However, there are situations where the residence time in the states of a dynamic Bayesian network can be described by an arbitrary law of distribution, due to the features of modeling the subject area. To describe transients in such networks, half-Mark processes are used. The paper describes the mathematical apparatus of the application of the theory of semi-Markov processes for constructing the probabilities of models and solving the problems of probabilistic inference of dynamic Bayesian networks. What is described is a procedure for distributing evidence in the process of transitioning between the time states of the dynamic model under consideration based on the algorithm of selection by significance.

Keywords: dynamic Bayesian network, semi-Markov chains, method of nested Markov chains, probabilistic inference, transition model, state model, algorithm of selection by significance

Cast iron occupies one of the most important places among structural materials and is widely used in the manufacture of critical automotive parts.The article examines the possibility of processing gray cast iron by surface plastic deformation (SPD) and the study of its hardening depth in order to control the stress-strain state (SSS) of the surfaces of parts. Modeling is carried out, calculations are close to the real situation, a three-dimensional finite element model is used. The data obtained were analyzed by the least squares method (LSM), graphs were plotted.Also, based on the data obtained, it was found that the relationship between the degree of plastic deformation, the diameter of the indenter and the depth of work hardening is an equation that describes the surface. The carried out researches and the received dependence allow to increase the accuracy of forecasting of results of processing of PPD cast iron.

Keywords: grey iron,plastic deformation, bilinear deformation diagram, indentation depth, spherical indenter

There are two main problems that slow down the wind industry - these are large losses in the kinematic characteristics of the wind flow during its use and small gusts of wind in non-northern regions of the Russian Federation. The designed confuser-diffuser system is able to solve these problems by increasing the KIEV (Wind Energy Utilization Factor). In the article, the previously designed systems for incrementing the kinematic parameters of the wind, which are installed on the developed wind turbine with a vertical axis of rotation "Object 1-U", were analyzed.

Keywords: confuser, diffuser, confuser-diffuser system, Venturi effect, momentum conservation law, contraction ratio, Fibonacci numbers

The lack of clear recommendations in the regulatory and scientific literature on laying a heating network in an impassable channel not only increases the construction time, but also leads to serious design errors, which entail a decrease in the service life of the engineering network and the occurrence of emergencies at the facility. In this article, a methodology for a numerical experiment of laying a heating network in an impassable channel was developed, an experiment was planned with the choice of controlled factors. Data processing and analysis of the reliability of the results were carried out in order to simplify construction in urban conditions.

Keywords: channels of heating mains renovation, stressed-deformed state, methodology, numerical experiment, closed channel, experimental planning theory, finite element method, mathematical modeling, "black box"

The topic of balancing on the brink is extremely relevant under present conditions of the real threat of nuclear war. A game-theoretic model is presented that describes the process of brinkmanship using the Caribbean crisis as an example. The results of research on such models and, accordingly, recommendations for decision makers depend significantly on the specific numerical values ​​of the players' payoffs and the probabilities of certain events. Therefore, it is advisable to develop a software package that allows you to set different values ​​of these parameters and conduct simulations for various control scenarios. The article proposes a program for implementing this approach.

Keywords: brinkmanship, extended form games, simulation

The article presents the creation of a software platform for automatic configuration of ground facilities systems using ontological models, intelligent algorithms for selecting objects and generating options. The mathematical formulation of the configuration problem, the architecture of the application and the user interface for entering design data and obtaining the result of selecting objects with a high degree of detail are given. In the future, the developed prototype can become a tool to support the work of system engineers and technologists at the stage of conceptual design during the variable study of the configuration of the oil and gas system, taking into account the requirements.

Keywords: conceptual design, field development, systems engineering, ontological engineering, ontology of the oil and gas system, function-oriented ontology, autoconfiguration of the oil and gas system, formalization of the system configuration procedure

One of the important components of the ethnocultural heritage of the Republic of Tuva is the analysis of the texts of Tuvan heroic epics. In the scientific database of the Tuva Institute for humanitarian and Applied socio-economic research of the Republic of Tyva tape and handwritten recordings of all genres of Tuvan folklore are stored, including in old dilapidated editions of about 300 Tuvan heroic epics. Nowadays, the electronic database "Tuva heroic epics" has been created by teachers and students of Tuva State University. This collection is embedded in the electronic corpus of the Tuvan language. This collection contains digitized texts of Tuvan heroic epic, their meta-descriptions and information about the storytellers. Using this electronic collection, it is possible to solve linguistic and philological problems, which are reduced to the problem of conceptual modeling of the collection "Tuvan heroic epics". In this article, the task of establishing the author's style of narrators when describing horse equipment in the works of the Tuvan heroic epic is considered. To solve this problem, an algebraic approach is used, which in the literature is called the formal concept analysis. Within the framework of formal concept analysis, the collection " Tuvan heroic epics" is presented as a formal context. Then the solution of the problem is aimed at identifying the set of all formal concepts of the formal context and linking them into a lattice. The resulting lattice serves as a conceptual model and a basis for solving the problem.

Keywords: electronic corpus of the Tuvan language, Tuvan heroic epic, author's style of the narrator, pattern recognition, formal concept analysis

The problem of flexible vibrations of a rectangular orthotorque plate clamped along the contour is considered. The general solution of the problem, which satisfies the vibartion equation identically, is constructed on the basis of the superposition method in the form of two Fourier series. Clamped boundary conditions lead to a homogeneous infinite system of linear algebraic equations with respect to unknown coefficients in the general solution. The uniqueness of a bounded non-trivial solution of an infinite system for the natural frequency is proved, the asymptotics of the unknowns are found, and an effective solution algorithm is constructed. Examples of the numerical implementation of the developed algorithm for calculating the natural frequencies and natural modes of the plate vibrations are given.

Keywords: plate, vibrations, natural frequencies, planar forces, superposition method, infinite system of linear equations, asymptotics

This article discusses a solution to the problem of transferring image styles using a convolutional neural network. First, the general mathematical concept of the image style transfer algorithm is considered, and then the implementation of this algorithm using Keras and TensorFlow libraries for the Python programming language, as well as the convolutional neural network VGG19, which is part of these libraries.

Keywords: machine creativity, image style transfer, convolutional neural network, Keras library, TensorFlow library, Python programming language, VGG19 network

Currently, attempts are underway to implement a temporal database management system. Such systems should take into account the possibilities of temporal support. This article discusses how to build temporal databases. The implementation of the time model for temporal add-ons of the database management system is presented for the project organization. Entity chart developed, which reflects the database tables and their relationships. Entity classes created. They correspond to tables from databases in individual files. Methods are presented that translate temporal requests into relational ones.

Keywords: database management system, temporal database, temporal queries, relational database models, temporal database models, temporal add-on

The development of quantum computers is a huge technological challenge. Currently, at the stage of development of quantum computing devices, the task is to accelerate the simulation of quantum computing on existing computers, this is due to the fact that quantum computing devices process processes for an unacceptably long time. The article proposes a practical implementation of the quantum computing representation method based on "Quantum Information Decision Diagrams" graphs.

Keywords: quantum computer, quantum computing simulation, hardware accelerator, graph computing, matrix computing, qubit, mathematical model, matrix

3D integration technologies based on highly integrated substrates and bare chips solve the problem of miniaturization of complex functional devices. However, increasing complexity and decreasing mass-size parameters of products lead to problems of effective heat distribution and dissipation from frameless microcircuits. The article considers features and problems of thermal analysis of 3D computing microsystem based on several modules with bare-metal chips, and also shows the importance of modeling the actual heat generation of programmable logic integrated circuits.

Keywords: microassembly, microsystem, chipless chip, FPGA, thermal analysis, CAD, finite element method, heat transfer simulation, printed circuit board, three-dimensional integration

This work investigated the influence of the type of vertical switching on the level of thermomechanical stresses and temperature deformation in a three-dimensional microassembly. Three microassembly models with the most common types of vertical connections were considered: solder balls in the package holes, metallized holes in the package, and end-switching tracks. For each of the three models, the effect of the sealing compound parameters on the thermomechanical load was additionally investigated.

Keywords: microassembly, packaging, electronic component base, three-dimensional integration, vertical switching, thermomechanical stress, thermomechanical deformation, thermal coefficient of linear expansion, thermomechanical modeling

The paper considers a mathematical model of an artificial neural network with a delay in the arguments of the state and control functions, designed to control a robotic complex during emergency rescue operations in extreme conditions. The learning process of the considered artificial neural network is described by the problem of optimal control with a delay. Using the Pontryagin maximum principle and the method of rapid automatic differentiation, a method for solving the resulting optimal control problem has been developed. The results of the work of the software tool, the creation of which uses an algorithm for constructing an approximate optimal control of the problem under consideration.

Keywords: emergency rescue operations, artificial neural network, neurocontrol, robotics, maximum principle, safety

The paper considers the results of modeling the cable system of the above-water cable-stayed transition of the main gas pipeline using a laboratory installation and computer modeling using finite element methods. The main characteristics of materials and structural elements used to create a computer and laboratory model are given. Various modes of tension of the cable system affecting the further operation of the model under consideration, allowing to determine the service life of the object, are studied. It is shown that with a slight weakening of the tension of one of the cables, in the cable system, the occurrence of stresses in the pipe body is observed, the magnitude of which, under certain conditions, greatly exceeds the operating values. A small imbalance of effort leads to a redistribution of effort and a distortion of the entire structure, which, under cyclic loads, can lead to a premature exit from the standing of the object in question.

Keywords: cable-stayed transition, effort, stress-strain state, cable system, finite element method, model, load, force.

This article suggests a mathematical apparatus for modeling quantitative indicators of social space and stratification. It describes formulas for calculating social status, radius and volume of power as characteristics of a separate social position and the magnitude of interaction between positions. The proposed formalization corresponds to the sociological theories of P.A. Sorokin and P. Bourdieu. It is offered to use simulation modeling to extend this approach to the regional level of analysis

Keywords: analytical and geometric analysis, simulation modeling, social space, social stratification

Mathematical modeling of processes in the crystal structures of the Gunn diode and modeling of the operation of the diode itself in various electrical circuits are relevant for monitoring the operation of electronic devices The paper investigates the effect of low-frequency pickups in the power supply circuit of the Gunn diode on the Fourier spectrum of the generated microwave signal. To study the processes of formation and motion of a domain in a crystal structure, the local field model of the Gunn diode is used, based on the assumption that the average drift velocity of electrons depends on the instantaneous value of the electric field, and the diffusion coefficient does not depend on the applied electric field. A serial circuit for switching on a diode with a power source and a resistive load is simulated. As a result of the simulation of the program, the distribution of stresses inside the crystal along its length at a selected moment of time is obtained; graphs of the movement of domains are plotted based on these data. Based on the data obtained, a Fourier transform is performed, and the resulting spectrum is constructed. The correctness of the program operation is confirmed by the spectrum obtained by the 3A703B diode on the S4-27 spectrum analyzer. The shape of the inhomogeneities in the crystal lattice, given the same width, does not affect the formation of domains. Rectangular, parabolic and gradient functions of dopant concentration variation are investigated. If the function changes more smoothly, then the maximum amplitude of the domain strengths will be greater, but the domain will take a little longer to form. The resulting model can be used to calculate fields with different loads in an electrical circuit.

Keywords: Gunn diode, microwave, simulation of physical processes, Fourier spectrum, radar systems

The trend in the development of information system design architectures is their complication and movement towards an increasing distribution of functions and components of the system. One of the options for developing decentralized systems are systems based on blockchain technologies. The article discusses an architectural template for applications developed on the basis of blockchain technology. The main elements of a multi-level architecture, which is the basis for building applications of this type, are considered. There are six layers that describe the infrastructure layer, data layer, network, consensus, application and representation. A brief analysis of the main features and differences of the implementation of each of the levels of the architectural template is carried out. According to the results of the analysis, the most specific components for blockchain-based systems are implemented at the level of consensus and data layers.

Keywords: decentralized application, blockchain platform, information system, multi-level architecture, pattern

Based on the review of methods for constructing distribution systems for microwave power amplifiers, a design of a spatial division-summation of power system in the Q-band and a power amplifier based on it is proposed.

Keywords: distribution system, microwave power amplifier, system of spatial division-summation of power

This article discusses the possibility of using ceramic materials with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity as a heat sink material to solve the problem of heat removal in heat-loaded elements of electronic equipment, which will significantly improve the thermal characteristics of the devices and the reliability of their operation.

Keywords: normal thermal mode, heat and mass transfer, high temperatures, thermal conductivity coefficient, ceramics

The article presents the results of a full-factor experiment and analyzesthe impact of various factors, such as the number of transitions a tape machine, the characteristics of an infrared laser diode and a the humidity of the material on the magnitude of the signal response when infrared radiation passes through the tape.

Keywords: fiber mixing quality, infrared estimation method, planning matrix, regression equation, model adequacy

The problem of data transformation in which calculations are carried out in parallel streams is considered. The goal is to draw up such a plan for the parallel assignment of data by performers, in which the conditions of validity, reliability, redundancy and adequacy of data suitable for further analysis will be satisfied. At the same time, taking into account the desire to complete data conversion cycles in the shortest possible time. The use of transport-type models is proposed for the solution. In contrast to two-dimensional minimax models by the criterion of time, the possibility of transformation of information is considered, both at source points and at destination points. The proposed model allows you to take into account the time of data delivery between processing sites. The influence of possible rules for moving information packets through intermediate points on the final value of the management quality indicator is shown.

Keywords: information chains, transport task, minimum time criterion, processing costs, data reliability

The given review of hygrothermal processes in the processing of grain crops, their features is presented from the standpoint of nanotechnology. It is shown that for the developed nanotechnologies in the production of agricultural products, it is necessary to apply non-traditional methods of process research, which is the method of similarity of the functioning of technical systems (SFTS). This method will allow for the processes of humidification, drying, wet-heat treatment in vacuum conditions to obtain generalized similarity criteria, determine their numerical values and obtain generalized criterion dependences of the intensity of the processes under consideration on the processing parameters. The implementation of the method will allow us to quantitatively describe the processes of hygrothermal grain processing in vacuum conditions, assign processing parameters and manage them. Mathematical models of hygrothermal processes have been developed based on the method of similarity of the functioning of technical systems depending on the parameters of the medium and the structure of capillary-porous grain shells.

Keywords: hydrothermal effects, grain crops, vacuum, nanotechnology, humidification, drying, wet-heat treatment, capillary-porous materials, microcapillary, the criterion of sublbiya, the method of similarity of the functioning of technical systems

The purpose of the study is to establish the regularities of a stable hydrodynamic regime by applying a fluoroplastic–containing composite polymer material to the support profile. Research methods: new models have been proposed describing the movement of a lubricant with truly viscous rheological properties in the laminar motion mode in the approximation for a "thin layer", in the working gap of a radial bearing with a support profile having a polymer coating with a groove, the continuity equation. A comparative analysis of the obtained results is carried out, confirming the approximation of the obtained model to practice. As a result of the study, a significant expansion of the possibilities for assessing the operational characteristics of the bearing has been achieved: the magnitude of hydrodynamic pressure, load capacity and coefficient of friction.

Keywords: radial bearing, increased wear resistance, antifriction polymer composite coating, groove, hydrodynamic mode, verification

The article considers the problem of optimizing the scheme of portages in a cutting area. The mathematical model of the cutting area is a polygon - a bounded closed broken part of the plane. The portage scheme corresponds to a root graph (forest, tree) of a special type. We have introduced the concept of covering a polygon with a rooted forest. The cover is interpreted as the possibility of cutting and collecting all the trees in the cutting area while moving the harvester and forwarder along the trails. The trails are laid according to the found covering root forest. Two variants of the algorithm for solving the problem are proposed, which are a modification of the local search. The first algorithm uses the greedy method we described earlier[18] to find the underlying solution. The second algorithm uses the branch and bound method to find the basic solution. Comparative experiments were carried out on polygons sized 12x12 and 18x18. Experimental results show that both modifications of the algorithm improve the basic solution. The first algorithm improves the solution by an average of 11% for a 12x12 polygon and by 24% for a 18x18 polygon.

Keywords: portage schemes, cutting area, polygon covering the root forest, local search, coverage