The article considers the issues of increasing road safety in urban development in winter. The causes of snow and ice deposits and their impact on the comfort and safety of traffic, including pedestrians, are considered. A review of modern snow melting and road surface heating systems is provided, with the most effective examples of road surface heating projects being given. A comparative analysis and assessment of the effectiveness of road surface heating systems is performed, using a 1000 m2 car park as an example. Recommendations are given for the use of road surface heating systems.

Keywords: highways, hydrothermal systems, electrical systems, road surface heating

The article considers issues related to the development of the territories of the Far North and the Arctic, namely, issues of ensuring transport accessibility of the northern regions. The issues of relevance and demand for the construction of winter roads and ice crossings are considered. The features of the construction and operation of winter roads are studied. The main methods of strengthening and extending the service life of winter roads are considered and analyzed. Options for strengthening winter roads and ice crossings with geosynthetic materials are proposed and substantiated. Recommendations are given to reduce the environmental impact of measures to strengthen winter roads on the environment.

Keywords: winter roads, ice crossings, ice coverings, strengthening, reinforcement

The article is devoted to the analysis and optimization of the stability of engineering structures to wind loads through the use of innovative structures of support and anchor foundations. In modern construction, when the requirements for reliability and stability of buildings have increased, special attention is being paid to the development of effective foundations capable of withstanding both compressive and pulling loads. Support and anchor foundations are presented as a comprehensive solution, including combined anchors and a monolithic slab (grillwork), ensuring uniform load distribution. The main focus is on the combined anchor, which acts as the main working element that receives the forces from the structure and effectively transfers them to the ground. Unlike traditional piles, the proposed design significantly increases the resistance to pulling due to the use of wire anchors with high load-bearing capacity.

Keywords: pile, conical tip, support and anchor foundation, support, combined anchor, grillage

Modern approaches to fire safety in modular buildings are analyzed. The features of these structures from the point of view of fire safety, innovative materials and technologies, regulatory requirements and successful examples of fire prevention measures have been studied. The importance of introducing advanced solutions to improve safety in the rapidly developing field of modular construction was emphasized.

Keywords: technology, module, fire hazard, fire safety, construction, material, requirements, risk, construction, implementation

The article provides a comparative analysis of the approaches to forecasting rutting used in Russia and the USA. Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) and domestic regulatory documents are reviewed, and their key differences in forecast accuracy, applicability, and calculation complexity are identified.

Keywords: rutting, forecasting of road structures, MEPDG, monitoring of road conditions, regulatory methodologies

The article examines the analysis of modern approaches to the organization of an inclusive environment in construction. The structure of the previously developed algorithm has been clarified, taking into account the key criteria of accessibility, informativeness, safety and comfort. The calculation of the adaptation of structures and services using the example of a standard apartment building (MCD) confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach. It has been established that the implementation of the algorithm, taking into account user needs, allows us to talk about optimal solutions for an inclusive urban environment, which is especially important in the context of the development of the "city within a city" concept.

Keywords: inclusive environment, construction, adaptation, accessibility, algorithm, criteria, urban transport, infrastructure, people with limited mobility, calculation, structural elements, safety, informativeness, comfort, apartment buildings

The article is devoted to the analysis and optimization of the stability of engineering structures to wind loads through the use of innovative structures of support and anchor foundations. In modern construction, when the requirements for reliability and stability of buildings have increased, special attention is being paid to the development of effective foundations capable of withstanding both compressive and pulling loads. Support and anchor foundations are presented as a comprehensive solution, including combined anchors and a monolithic slab (grillwork), ensuring uniform load distribution. The main focus is on the combined anchor, which acts as the main working element that receives the forces from the structure and effectively transfers them to the ground. Unlike traditional piles, the proposed design significantly increases the resistance to pulling due to the use of wire anchors with high load-bearing capacity.

Keywords: pile, conical tip, support and anchor foundation, support, combined anchor, grillage

The article is devoted to the assessment of the strength of reinforced concrete elements with defects and damages. It examines the main types of defects (reinforcement corrosion, cracks, deformations, shrinkage, spalling of concrete, etc.), their causes, and consequences. The document also presents various calculation methods for evaluating the residual load-bearing capacity of structures, taking into account these defects, including formulas for assessing the impact of corrosion, cracks, and other damages on the strength of beams. It is noted that current methodologies primarily focus on analyzing a single type of defect, while a comprehensive approach to evaluating multiple damages requires further research. The research results can be useful for developing recommendations for the operation and repair of reinforced concrete structures, as well as for improving methods of assessing their safety during long-term use.

Keywords: strength, load-bearing capacity, damage, defect, crack, corrosion, degradation, experiment, reinforced concrete, beam

The article examines the use of unmanned complexes for finding and identifying defects in the construction of buildings and structures. The use of unmanned complexes integrated into practice for quality control of construction works of concrete and steel surfaces, as well as for regular inspections of buildings, insulation or ventilation systems is given. The prospects of using unmanned complexes for repair work, which contributes to improving the performance of the construction organization, were confirmed.

Keywords: machine vision, software, unmanned complex, survey, defect

In this article, we examined the permeability of concrete and the effect of corrosion processes on the durability and reliability of reinforced concrete structures. Attention is paid not only to the causes and mechanisms of corrosion, but also modern methods and strategies for protecting concrete and reinforced concrete structures from it are provided, aimed at extending their service life and ensuring operational safety. This knowledge will allow engineers and builders to plan and implement projects more efficiently, reducing the risks and economic losses associated with corrosion processes.

Keywords: corrosion of concrete, corrosion of steel reinforcement, permeability, reinforced concrete, durability, strength, reliability

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of defects in monolithic reinforced concrete structures, commonly encountered during the construction of multi-storey buildings. The main types of defects and damage are discussed, such as cracks, concrete spalling, destruction of the protective layer, exposure and corrosion of reinforcement bars, formation of cavities, concrete overflow, gravelly texture, geometric deviations, and cold joints in concreting. Their general description, causes of occurrence, classifications, parameters, and consequences for the operational characteristics of the structures are presented. Special attention is given to modern diagnostic methods and repair technologies, which significantly extend the service life of buildings and enhance their safety throughout their lifecycle. The results presented can be used by engineers, builders, and repair specialists to optimize construction processes, control the quality of work, and ensure the timely elimination of identified defects.

Keywords: Inspection of structural elements, reinforced concrete, defects of monolithic structures, cracks, reinforcement corrosion, repair, concrete quality, cold joint, monolithic construction, concrete surface quality

The article considers the influence of the technical condition of buildings on their additional deformations in the zone of influence of new construction. As a result of the survey, it was confirmed that the buildings of the historical development of the III category of technical condition were in an unsatisfactory condition. In accordance with this, a numerical calculation was carried out, as a result of which an option for strengthening their foundations with the help of piles made using jet technology was proposed. According to the preliminary numerical calculation, additional deformations of buildings of the III category did not exceed the maximum permissible values. The adopted option of strengthening in this case did not justify itself and the actual deformations of the buildings turned out to be higher than the limit values ​​already at the zero mark. Based on the monitoring data, it was found that the values ​​of additional settlements are constantly growing in the process of erecting buildings of the multifunctional complex. Based on the calculation data, graphs were constructed illustrating the discrepancy between the actual additional deformations and the calculated values ​​depending on the category of the technical condition of the buildings and their location in the zone of influence of the pit. Thus, when determining the zone of influence of new construction in close proximity to historical buildings, it is necessary to take into account their technical condition and operational safety.

Keywords: technical condition category of buildings, zone of influence of new construction, additional deformations, estimated and actual settlements of buildings

The paper analyzes existing 3D printing technologies in the context of application in construction. The experience of 3D printing application in commercial projects is considered. Scientific research on the improvement of various technologies is summarized. 3D printing technologies promising for construction - wire-arc and ultrasonic additive manufacturing - are identified.

Keywords: 3D printing, construction, additive technologies

The cargo turnover of modern distribution centers of network operators reaches hundreds of thousands of tons per year. The technological load on the floors in the warehouse part of the building is 8-10 t/m2 (80-100 kPa), on the floors – up to 2.4 t/m2 (24 kPa). These loads transfer significant pressure through the foundations of the frame to the ground, which, with large sole sizes and mutual influence, increases the lower boundary of the compressible thickness and, as a result, the draft of structures. In the presence of weak soils at the base, precipitation reaches exorbitant values. The situation is aggravated by the high groundwater level, which also increases the sedimentation of foundations. The article presents and analyzes options for solving the problem by strengthening the base by compacting the top layer and cementing it to different depths depending on the pressure and construction of the foundation.

Keywords: reinforcement of the base, recycling, permissible calculated precipitation, calculated soil resistance

The application of a mechanical-empirical method of designing road pavement for predicting track formation on the surface of road structures is discussed in the article . The occurrence of ruts is one of the most common types of defects in road surfaces, significantly reducing safety and comfort of movement. MEPDG calculation models were used in this work for assessing the stability of a road structure to the accumulation of plastic deformations. Models takes into account factors such as the intensity and axial load of transport, climatic conditions, and the physic and mechanical properties of coating materials. An example of predicting the depth of a track using the considered method is given.

Keywords: rutting, mechanical and empirical method, road pavement, forecasting, MEPDG, traffic loads, climatic conditions

Road construction plays an important role in the infrastructural development of any country. Road infrastructure is a network of roads and motorways that move goods and passengers between and within cities and regions. A well-developed road network contributes to economic growth by providing easy access to markets, reducing transport costs and facilitating more efficient logistics. Roads play an important role in providing accessibility to remote and sparsely populated regions, which contributes to the social and economic development of these areas. Modern motorways provide safer and more comfortable travel for drivers and passengers, and reduce journey times. Roads serve as an important part of the transport infrastructure for the movement of goods. They provide access to ports, railway stations and other transport hubs. Well-developed motorways contribute to the development of tourism as they make tourist destinations and attractions accessible. The article provides a statistical analysis of the construction of federal and regional highways in the period 2021-2023 for eight districts of the Russian Federation. Diagrams of the length of constructed motorways in each district are given, and the main parameters of descriptive statistics are calculated.

Keywords: roads, construction, road infrastructure, motorways, motorways, non motorways, statistical analysis

A significant number of long-span public buildings with spatial steel structures are designed, erected and exploited in our country. One of the main areas of their application are unique sports objects. In the article experience of dye penetrant inspection of the Gorki Gorod Mall's long-span steel dome's welded joints is analyzed. The shopping and entertainment center was built in Sochi for the 2014 Olympic Games. Methodology, advantages and disadvantages of dye penetrant inspection are given. Typical defects of welded joints in spatial metal structures identified by this method are described. The data obtained from the experience of use of such structures allows to actualize and expand the developing normative documents.

Keywords: defect, dome, dye penetrant inspection, grid shell, inspection, long-span structure, non-destructive testing, spatial rod structure, steel structure, welded joint

When designing flat reinforced concrete slabs, the most complex and responsible structural unit is the area where the slab is supported by the columns and walls. This is due to the action of large concentrated efforts and the greatest density of reinforcement. In view of this, the issue of choosing calculation methods that most accurately estimate the punching capacity for suchstructural units is relevant. With an increase in the ratio of the dimensions of the sides of the pushing structure, the force ceases to be distributed uniformly along the pushing contour and a concentration of forces occurs near the short side. This article is devoted to the evaluation of the results of finite element modeling and calculations of the bearing capacity for pushing in the area of ​​the end of the pier, analysis of the influence of the floor thickness, the dimensions of the pier and the class of concrete on the concentration of pushing forces in the floor near the end of the pier.

Keywords: punching shear resistance, flat reinforced concrete slab, static load

The article discusses the use of liquid chlorides of natural genesis to combat winter slipperiness. The aggressive effect of liquid chlorides on snow removal equipment, road structural elements and the environment as a whole is also studied. Methods for assessing the effect of liquid chlorides on metal and cement concrete are developed. The article presents conclusions and recommendations on the use of liquid natural chlorides to combat winter slipperiness on roads.

Keywords: liquid chloride, formation water, brine, corrosion rate, cement concrete pavement, winter slipperiness

Today in the modern world many architectural solutions are aimed at improving the quality of the environment, increasing energy efficiency by minimising the consumption of artificial light. One of the solutions to these problems is the use of natural light, thanks to which it is possible to reduce the impact of artificial lighting, reduce energy consumption. As it is known in most cases daylight enters the premises through translucent constructions, it is the correct design of windows that makes it possible to increase the flow of sunlight. Depending on the window parameters it is possible to control, distribute the natural light coming into the room. The article considers the influence of the ratio of windows to walls as one of the design options for optimising natural light. The research will be carried out with application of modelling in the software complex for calculation of distribution of daylight.

Keywords: natural light, natural light factor, translucent structures, optimisation, area, modelling, walls, working surface, illuminance, vertical expansion, horizontal expansion, recommendations, model, energy efficiency

The article discusses the features of modeling composite reinforced concrete beams from various (B25 and B65) concrete strength classes. The basic principles of the theory of composite rods were applied in the modeling process. The section of the reinforced concrete beam was divided by boundary layers with a reduced shear coefficient. The stresses and the nature of the distribution of deformations over the height of the beam section were evaluated before and after the introduction of a different number of boundary layers. During the extended analysis, options for introducing vertically arranged boundary layers along the length of the beam were considered. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to evaluate the specifics of the operation of bent structures with a different number of boundary layers.

Keywords: contact zone, contact characteristic, shear modulus, shear calculation, composite structure, reinforced concrete beam made of high-strength concrete

The article discusses the issues associated with the preparation of hot water in individual apartment heating systems that use a secondary plate heat exchanger of the boiler. The drawbacks of this approach are highlighted, including delays in hot water supply, the need to drain water from the pipeline, the inability to regulate temperature and flow rate, as well as the lack of recirculation capabilities. As an alternative, a system with a storage tank and a plate heat exchanger is proposed, which ensures stable water temperature, adjustable flow rate, resource savings, and the possibility of recirculation. Based on experimental studies, the heat transfer coefficient for heat exchangers with profiled and flat plates has been determined. Calculations of the required heat exchanger area are provided, depending on the type of plates, the volume of the storage tank, and its charging time, which allows for the optimization of hot water supply system design.

Keywords: plate heat exchanger, storage tank, heat transfer coefficient

The article is devoted to the development of modular construction in Russia and related problems. Given the ongoing shortage of living space and the need to modernize the housing stock, modular construction is a promising solution for the rapid construction of affordable housing. Despite the advantages such as faster implementation times, high flexibility and adaptability to various needs, and the ability to quickly dismantle and expand buildings, the technology faces serious challenges in Russia. The lack of a unified regulatory framework and certification brings additional difficulties with financing and lack of infrastructure, which significantly limits the mass use of modular structures. These factors slow down the process of integrating modular construction into domestic construction practice. At the same time, international experience and successful examples of the implementation of such projects, such as the Habitat 67 residential complex in Canada and the high-rise building "Naikagin Capsule Tower" in Japan, demonstrate the possibilities of modular construction in various sectors. Russia continues to actively work on the adaptation of modular technologies, which opens up prospects for solving housing problems and the rapid construction of social facilities. In the country modular construction can play an important role in solving housing problems, especially in regions where traditional construction methods are economically impractical. Despite the existing problems, the implementation of this technology continues to evolve, which opens up prospects for future growth and improvement of the construction industry in Russia.

Keywords: modular construction, energy efficiency, prefabricated buildings, regulatory and technical documentation, block modules, modular systems, frame buildings, modular buildings, modular construction technology

When designing engineering protection, it is necessary to use modern and progressive technologies. The technical decisions made must comply with the fundamentals of design - economic and operational efficiency. This article discusses the methods and principles of operation necessary for hazard assessment and the development of effective measures to prevent and reduce risks in the design, selection of optimal solutions and recommendations for the development of engineering protection projects. A section of a public highway of local significance in the Krasnodar Territory was selected during the survey. The materials of engineering and geological studies of the slope were used as initial data, which included reconnaissance route observations, engineering and geological workings with soil sampling, and determination of the physico-mechanical characteristics of the soils.

Keywords: engineering protection, surveys, design, stability, reconstruction, soil, landslide slope

The presented program for operation/monitoring of the mill foundation includes monitoring the development of crack width by installing beacons, monitoring the foundation vibration by means of sensors installed in the equipment structure and geodetic monitoring of foundation settlement by means of an electronic tacheometer and a level. Monitoring was performed due to an increase in the vibration level of the equipment installed on the foundation and the detection of foundation defects in the form of cracks and concrete chips.

Keywords: monitoring, bearing capacity, foundation, dynamic load, concrete, reinforcement