Conducting land management activities is one of the most complex processes, as it includes a large complex of works aimed at studying the state of land resources, their distribution and the organization of the territory as a whole. A special place in land management is given to geodetic works, which are characterized by sufficient complexity of their implementation. In this regard, there are many questions concerning the organization and implementation of this type of work. This article will discuss the main stages and features of geodetic works in the implementation of land management measures.

Keywords: geodetic works, land management measures, topographic and cartographic materials, topographic and geodetic surveys, cameral works, geodetic basis, survey networks, technical specification, cadastral plan, rational use of land resources

The article deals with the forecasting of direct material damage to urban areas depending on the number of fires based on official data of the Ministry of Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, presented in state reports on the state of protection of the population and territories of the Russian Federation from natural and man-made emergencies for five years, based on the model of correlation analysis, which allows us to determine the degree of mutual influence of the parameters under consideration and the linear regression responsible for determining trends for subsequent years. The analysis of the reasons associated with the lack of the possibility of assessing the damage resulting from the fire of the structures of the building or its premises and its subsequent extinguishing in order to increase the economic efficiency of the cost examination during the restoration of real estate is an auxiliary basis for the construction of a correlation-regressive forecasting model.

Keywords: fires, cost assessment, cost of restoration repairs, real estate objects, economic efficiency, statistics, direct material damage, correlation and regression analysis

a study of a ventilation system with a local recirculating diffuser was carried out. A three-dimensional model of the office space has been built. Using the STAR-CCM + hydrodynamic computing complex, a numerical simulation of the ventilation system has been performed. The calculation results are analyzed, the advantages of the investigated system are given.

Keywords: ventilation systems, local recirculating diffuser, indoor air quality, energy saving, numerical simulation, STAR-CCM +

The model of passenger traffic movement was evaluated to identify hidden patterns in the processes of passenger traffic formation using standard electronic computers with general-purpose software. Several sessions of simulating the movement of passengers between stops of urban passenger public transport, belonging to different levels of attractiveness of stops for passengers, were conducted. The features of the quasi-deterministic movement of passengers between stops of urban passenger transport that are not included in the list of stops of mass attraction of passenger traffic, and points of mass attraction of passengers are considered. Examples of typical patterns in the choice of destination stops and in the hourly flow of passengers from departure stops are given. The comparison of the number of daily visits to stops of mass attraction of passenger traffic, obtained by processing the simulation results with the initial statistical data, is carried out.

Keywords: passenger transport, passenger traffic models, passenger behavior patterns, modeling

As the object of research, the angular joints of glued wooden structures used for the construction of external enclosing structures in low-rise housing construction, made in factory conditions with modern equipment, were selected. As part of the work, the available literature on this topic was analyzed. The analysis of the variability of the use of modern corner joints of external walls for low-rise construction, made of glued beams, in the design and construction, taking into account the development of technical capabilities in modern industries. Describes the old and new device technology, corner joints, indicating the advantages and disadvantages of such compounds, describes the technical characteristics of the used elements. Conclusions are drawn, as well as recommendations for the further use of these materials in design and construction.

Keywords: glued wood, structural features of corner joints, production of wooden structures

The article reproduces and supplements the experience of modeling and determining the optimal angle of inclination of the lattice with an estimate of the total lengths of the elements, the greatest forces, displacements and natural frequencies for computer models of various configurations. The possibility of using this system in civil construction with the use of volume-block technology of building construction is described. This article will be useful for design engineers involved in the design and calculation of high-rise buildings, bulk-block or modular buildings made of reinforced concrete and metal structures.

Keywords: diagrid, mesh load-bearing structures, reinforced concrete structure, metal structures, stability, computer model, high-rise buildings, bulk-block, prefabricated module

Based on the Bayes approach, a representative number of experimental measurements was determined when assessing the quality of the environment, in particular, when monitoring the quality of the atmosphere and checking the compliance with the standard for the accumulation of solid municipal waste

Keywords: Bayesian approach, quality control, experimental measurement, a priori data, a posteriori data, distribution density

The purpose of this work is to develop an algorithm for recognizing shrinkage defects on metal alloys. The steps for image processing are described. When analyzing the algorithm, a description is presented for each step, followed by a software implementation. The final step, after using the methods of the algorithm, is to count the contours of the defects. To demonstrate the functionality of the software, random photos of the metal body in the section were taken, where defects in the form of gas pores can be directly observed. The software, with the correct selection of input data, processes the image with high accuracy, minimizing errors in calculating defects. Using the proposed algorithms reduces the diagnostic time. The article presents a comparative description of the manual and automated methods, showing the effectiveness of the second method in comparison with the first. To write the software, the Python 3.7 programming language was used, as well as the OpenCV computer vision algorithms library.

Keywords: defect detection, computer vision algorithms, OpenCV, metal defects, shrinkage defects

Reducing energy consumption in the design, installation and operation of engineering networks is implemented in the process of implementing investment construction projects. An energy service contract, like any economic agreement, requires a feasibility study. When strengthening the thermal protection of a building, it is necessary to determine both the design of the fences and translucent structures, and the payback period of the investment. The objective of the research is to develop and analyze a mathematical model of heat losses depending on the characteristics of the resistance to heat transfer of walls, windows and balcony doors. Classical dependencies do not allow applying standard mathematical analysis procedures. It is proposed to use a power function that assumes the availability of differentiation. The paper substantiates the form of such a function and provides an extended analysis of the effect of changes in the resistance to heat transfer of building structures on the transmission heat losses of a building, which allows arguing for the adoption of optimal technical and economic decisions.

Keywords: energy-saving construction project, thermal protection of buildings, indifference curves, mathematical model of heat loss

The results of the study of fluctuations of the center of mass of the car UAZ "Hunter" during its movement on the support surface with different height of road irregularities: asphalt-concrete surface and off-road are given. The study uses Simulink simulation.

Keywords: Center of mass fluctuations, vehicle, simulation, Simulink

The purpose of our work was to search for possible options for the secondary use of destroyed brick buildings and structures. We conducted tests to verify the strength characteristics of bricks taken from the sites of reconstruction and complete demolition of buildings and structures. In the course of which, conclusions were drawn about the possibilities of further use of brick scrap from different places of demolition of building structures.

Keywords: demolition, scrap, building, structure, brick, recycling, testing, strength, recycling, iron concrete

This article discusses the issue of planning the sequence of construction of buildings in the quarter development. The authors analyzed and classified the factors that can influence the choice of the sequence of construction of objects in complex development. An algorithm for planning the construction sequence is proposed, which the considered factors are included in the model, taking into account the ranking of their significance.

Keywords: stream method, quarter development, line arrangement, quarterly arrangement, sequence of construction, situational factor, unforeseen factor, social factor, production factor

For the statically indeterminate systems under consideration, there is an optimal ratio between the load-bearing capacity of stretched and out-of-center compressed elements, in which the required reliability will be provided at the lowest value of the mathematical expectation of an external destructive load. It should also be noted that for statically indeterminate systems, the beginning of rebar fluidity is not a sign of destruction, but only indicates the beginning of an intensive redistribution of forces in it. Therefore, the values of C, do not refer to the beginning of the rebar flow, but to the complete exhaustion of the load-bearing capacity. The reliability of statically undetectable systems, including prestressed trusses, is always higher, all other things being equal, than that of statically definable systems.

Keywords: reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete structures, statically indeterminate systems, reliability

The article is devoted to the importance and relevance of the development of underground space, today in large cities there is an acute shortage of areas free from development, as well as the high traffic congestion with personal cars, these and many other problems can be solved through the integrated development of underground space. The classification of underground structures is given. The organizational and technical problems of construction below the zero cycle are indicated. Examples of competent use of underground space in the world are considered. Benefits of construction below zero cycle are also noted. The objects, the construction of which is promising underground, are described. Attention is drawn to the climatic and anthropogenic factors taken into account during construction. In conclusion, the measures that need to be taken for the development of the underground space of our cities are considered.

Keywords: development of underground space urban studies, organization of construction of underground structures, urban space, cramped urban development, organizational and technical problems

A method for determining the optimal value of the heat transfer resistance of a three-layer exterior wall of a country cottage building is presented. As an optimization criterion, the specific consumption of thermal energy for the weekly cycle of operation of the building is selected. As a result of the study of the function describing the total specific energy consumption for heat loss compensation and heating of 1 m2 of the outer wall, an analytical expression was obtained to determine the optimal value of the heat transfer resistance. Based on the obtained solution, the thickness of the monolithic expanded clay concrete used as a structural and thermal insulation material in the outer wall is optimized. An analytical relationship is obtained to evaluate the energy-saving effect due to additional insulation of the outer wall of a country cottage.

Keywords: intermittent heating, heat transfer resistance, enclosing structure, energy consumption, heat protection characteristics