The article is devoted to innovative approaches to the use of environmentally safe polymer binders in the production of thermal insulation materials (TIM) based on vegetable raw materials. The relevance of the work is due to the need to replace traditional synthetic polymers such as polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, and mineral wool, which in the process of operation emit toxic substances with cumulative properties. Research shows that the use of biopolymers and renewable resources, such as castor oil-based polyurethane resins and casein adhesives, can significantly reduce environmental burdens and improve material safety. Special attention is given to thermoplastic and thermoset matrices, their properties, and applications in composite materials. Thermoplastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene have high impact resistance and recyclability but are limited in application due to the difficulty of processing and high melting point. Thermoset matrices, despite their high strength and resistance to chemical attack, are molded only once, making them difficult to recycle. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different polymer binders and their prospects in the context of environmental sustainability and the efficiency of thermal insulation materials. The research is aimed at improving the physical and mechanical properties of composites and optimizing production processes to create affordable and environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials.

Keywords: innovative approaches, environmentally safe polymers, thermal insulation materials (TIM), plant raw materials, biopolymers, renewable resources, thermoplastics, thermosetting matrices, environmental sustainability, physical and mechanical properties

The article reveals the topic of improving the processes of concreting monolithic structures. An absentee survey of respondents from among the existing manufacturers of works, construction control engineers and foremen was conducted. Information was obtained that is not always reflected in documentary sources or direct observation. The direct processes of transportation, feeding, laying and care of the concrete mix, as well as related processes, were monitored and analyzed.

Keywords: technologies, organization, technological process, concrete works, monolithic structures, operational control, construction control, economic potential

Optimization of the composition of heavy cement concretes modified with a complex additive based on industrial waste (alumina-containing component - aluminum slag (ASH), spent molding mixture (OFS) using the PlanExp B-D13 software package is a three-factor planned experiment, according to the criteria: compressive strength on the 2nd and 28th days of hardening.

Keywords: heavy cement concretes, fast-hardening concretes, optimization, experiment planning, strength indicators, industrial waste, spent molding mixture, aluminum slag

The article discusses the use of recycled materials obtained during the dismantling of facilities during renovation in St. Petersburg. The districts of St. Petersburg with "problematic" houses, such as panel "Khrushchev" and "ships" of the first type, are highlighted. Data on the types of waste, volumes of concrete scrap, features and applications of secondary rubble are presented. Examples of organizations in St. Petersburg dealing with waste recycling are given. The purpose of the work is to study the possibilities of recycling construction waste for reuse in construction and landscaping of the region.

Keywords: secondary materials, dismantling, renovation, concrete scrap, construction waste, recycling, crushed stone, sustainable development, St. Petersburg, ecology

Volcanic materials are widely used in the production of mixed cement. Volcanic tuff, as a mineral additive to Portland cement, is effective in improving the rheological characteristics of the hydraulic binder, has medium pozzolanic activity, improves the properties of the material and can be used in the composition of light plaster mixtures.. The purpose of the studies presented in the article was to form models of such mixtures that allow their properties to be assessed. The experiment was conducted on the basis of methods of mathematical planning, statistical processing of the results and analytical optimization of the obtained regression equations. The experimental studies are based on the matrix of a complete three-factor experiment. The composition of the light plaster mixture included the following components: hydraulic binder, crushed volcanic tuff (as a fine light filler), reinforcing fiber and synthetic additive. Compositions of plaster mixtures based on volcanic tuff have been developed. The optimal values of the main components of the plaster mixture based on volcanic tuff, which is present in the composition of the mixture as a light fine filler and as a component of a hydraulic binder, have been established. An engineering interpretation of the simulation results is given.

Keywords: plaster material, volcanic tuff, pozzolan activity, mathematical modeling, analytical optimization

The article presents the study of thermal conductivity of a promising building material “Corrugated veneer”, presents the sequence of the study, develops an installation for research, obtains the thermal conductivity coefficients of the material “Corrugated veneer”.

Keywords: wood materials, finishing materials, building materials, board materials, veneer, laminated wood

 the modification of a thermally cured epoxy binder is considered due to the introduction of a plasticizer and a latent component digital and statistical methods of experimental research are used digital models linking the basic properties with changes in variable factors are obtained and an analytical technique for predicting the properties of products as well as the selection of their composition is developed a composite epoxy binder is obtained and studied.

Keywords: digital model, synthetic binder, latent component, regression equation, analytical optimization

The article presents the calculation of reinforced concrete column reinforcement using a metal cage made of angles, taking into account the physical nonlinearity of materials within the framework of the Lira CAD software package. The use of a nonlinear approach is due to the inability of linear methods to adequately reflect the real behavior of concrete and steel under load, in particular, their destruction and gradual loss of rigidity. This paper presents a model that takes into account the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of concrete and steel in accordance with regulatory documents. Taking into account the physical nonlinearity of materials when calculating column reinforcement is critically important for reliable modeling of the structure's behavior and preventing underestimation of the risks of destruction. It is necessary to check the structure for local destruction at each stage of loading to ensure the reliability of calculations and the safety of the structure. The use of specialized software with the ability to stage-by-stage loading and checking for local destruction allows you to obtain accurate results and justify optimal design solutions.

Keywords: columns, reinforced concrete, steel, strengthening, jacket, calculation, physical nonlinearity, software package, stresses, strains

The research aimed to investigate the properties of glass-basalt composite tubes, specifically examining the relationship between structural fractal dimensions, composition, and mechanical properties. Physical experiments were carried out to assess the properties of glass and glass-basalt composite tubes. These tests included measurements of tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, fracture resistance, flexural strength, and additional mechanical characteristics. Fractal analysis of rovings and epoxy binder was performed at the microstructural level to evaluate the impact of structure on mechanical performance. Through predictive modeling of the physical and mechanical properties of glass-basalt composite tubes, an optimal range of properties was identified. This range is defined by specific technological parameters: rovings content of 68–74%, basalt fiber diameter of 7–12 μm, and epoxy binder content of 21–27%. Within this framework, the production of tubes with the following target properties was predicted: tensile strength, compressive strength , and modulus of elasticity.

Keywords: fractal modeling, microstructure, matrix fibers, glass-basalt plastic, composite material, forecasting, strength, fractal dimension, heterogeneity, mechanical properties, composite pipe, glass fiber, basalt, correlation analysis

The paper deals with a new composite material for waterproofing the underground parts of buildings and structures. The composite consists of Portland cement, fine aggregate, a complex additive, and chemical additives. Based on experimental data, the main physical and mechanical properties of the material have been determined. The results show that the resulting composite material has high physical and mechanical characteristics and can be used to protect concrete underground structures from groundwater damage.

Keywords: underground structures, durability, protection, waterproofing, composite material, complex additive, strength, crack resistance, adhesion, elasticity

The composition of the lightweight plaster mix includes the following components: hydraulic binder, crushed volcanic tuff-scoria (as a fine lightweight filler), reinforcing fiber and synthetic additive. The hydraulic binder consists of Portland cement and finely ground volcanic tuff. Plaster mixes based on volcanic tuff are in demand in regions with a warm or sharply continental climate: high temperatures during the day or low at night, including Ethiopia. The purpose of the research presented in the article was: to form material structure models that allow evaluating the material properties and evaluating the solutions obtained during the implementation of an active experiment. As a result of the experiment, optimal values ​​​​of the main components of the plaster mix based on volcanic tuff were established, which is present in the mixture as a light fine filler and as a component of the hydraulic binder. Modeling of the material structure and engineering interpretation of its properties were carried out.

Keywords: plaster material, tuff-scoria, pozzolanic activity, mathematical modeling, analytical optimization

Bamboo as a building material has its own characteristics. It works well in stretching and bending. Bamboo has only longitudinal fibers that are prone to splitting, however these fibers are twisted in a knot. This phenomenon reduces the tensile strength. The mechanical properties of bamboo describe its reaction to physical influences. In general, bamboo has a high tensile strength parallel to the fibers. This article describes the mechanical properties of a bamboo rod depending on the loads, as well as modulus of elasticity of various types of bamboo. This article summarizes the experience of building buildings made of bamboo elements.

Keywords: bamboo, fibers, knot, joint, strength, construction, deformation, stretching, mechanical properties, anisotropic material

The increase in the length of asphalt concrete roads increases the importance of efficient asphalt concrete plants in road construction. Modern environmental requirements and rising fuel prices determine a decrease in the temperatures of cooking and laying ABS. In foreign and domestic practice of road construction, warm asphalt concrete mixtures are increasingly used, including with the use of zeolite. The prerequisites for the study of warm asphalt concrete using zeolite in the Republic of Tatarstan is the presence of one of the largest deposits of zeolite-containing rocks of the Russian Federation - Tatarsko-Shatrashansky. Pilot production implementation of the research results was carried out during the construction of an experimental section on the highway – the entrance to the locality of Klyuchishchi in the Verkhneuslonsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan with an upper layer of warm asphalt concrete coating using zeolite. The results of the material indicators that meet the regulatory requirements have been obtained.

Keywords: warm asphalt concrete mixtures, zeolite, zeolite-containing additives, highways, experimental site

During the construction and operation of oil and gas industry facilities, there are increased requirements for the quality of concrete. To this end, it is necessary to use new formulations and their preparation technology to obtain concretes of the required density with high strength, frost resistance, water resistance, crack resistance and, ultimately, increased durability. The use of a superplasticizing additive, basalt or polymer fiber and a nanocarbon additive in the specified amounts in the composition of fine-grained concrete contributed to an increase in the uniformity and density of the mixture and, accordingly, an increase in the strength characteristics of concrete at various hardening times. As a result of testing concrete samples for frost resistance, a mark of 400-500 cycles of freezing and thawing was obtained. This makes it possible to use these compositions of fine-grained concrete in harsh climatic and difficult engineering and geological conditions of construction and operation of oil and gas industry facilities.

Keywords: fibroconcrete, oil storage tanks, nanocarbon tubes, basalt fiber, superplasticizer

In the process of drilling oil or gas wells, increased friction forces of the drill string against the walls of the well, as well as in the rock-crushing tool. The use of various formulations of washing liquid using surfactants from fish production waste contributes to solving a significant part of the problems. The presence of fatty acids in fish waste, which have a significant surface-active effect, allows them to be used as plasticizing additives in concrete. As a result of the introduction of these wastes into the concrete mixture, its rheological properties are improved, as well as the strength characteristics of the hardened fine-grained fiber concrete significantly increase. The use of fish production waste in the concrete mixture will reduce the cost of concrete production, and the environmental situation will improve due to the disposal of industrial waste.

Keywords: fiber concrete, strength, fish waste, industrial liquids, nanocarbon tubes, basalt fiber, superplasticizer

A brief historical overview of the evolution of requirements for the performance properties of wall materials is given. It is shown that the list of types of wall materials used is regulated by the level of urbanization of society and modern requirements for energy and resource conservation. An analysis of the types of defects that occur in multilayer walls of buildings during their operation has shown that the most important cause of their occurrence is an incorrect combination of materials with different porosity. The importance of taking into account the "single-layer" factor in construction, which allows ensuring the quality of construction and operation of buildings in Russia's diverse and difficult climatic conditions, was noted. Information is provided on the product range and operational advantages of non-autoclaved fiberfoam concrete as a material suitable for the construction of single-layer walls and capable of improving their protective and acoustic properties.

Keywords: safe use of premises, energy-efficient construction, gas-filled concrete, multilayer walls, mold, fiberfoam concrete, strength, thermal conductivity

The research aimed to investigate the structure of glass-basalt composite pipes and explore the relationship between their Renyi statistical dimensions and physicomechanical properties. Physical experiments were conducted to measure and analyze the elasticity of glass-basalt composite pipes. The experiments included testing the modulus of elasticity and other mechanical properties. Fractal analysis was applied at the microstructural level to assess the influence of the fiber matrix structure on the physicomechanical behavior of the pipes. The study explored the possibility of modeling the microstructure of glass-basalt composite pipes using 3D fractal analysis. A correlation was established between the spectrum of multifractal dimensions (D-200, D0, D1, D2, D200), the heterogeneity of the fiber matrix f(α), and the elasticity properties (Young’s modulus). For the obtained fractal models predicting Young’s modulus, the correlation coefficients (R2) were 0.95 for D0, 0.92 for D1, 0.90 for D2, 0.82 for D-200, and 0.68 for f(α). These results can be applied for rapid estimation of Young’s modulus using optical microscopy and photomicrographs of the microstructure.

Keywords: fractal modeling, microstructure, physicomechanical properties, material development, glass-basalt fiber, polymer pipes, forecasting, interphase boundaries, mechanical properties, fractal dimension, heterogeneity

The article is devoted to the systematic approach to the development of new composite building materials with lignocellulosic fillers, special attention is paid to the study of their thermal stability. The desire to increase the thermal stability of cellulosic materials implies the use of various modification methods, including acetylation and the use of flame retardants. The properties of monoethanolamine (NB)-trihydroxyborate (MEATHB) as a modifier to improve the fire resistance of thermal insulation materials based on stems of Sosnovsky's borer have been investigated. Experimental methods include thermogravimetric and differential scanning analysis, which allowed the evaluation of thermal decomposition and thermochemical transformations of the raw materials used. The results show that pre-modification using MEATGB shifts the peaks of cellulose thermo-oxidative decomposition temperatures to higher ranges, indicating an increase in the thermal stability of the materials. It is also found that the combination of modification using polyurethane and casein binders improves the thermostatic characteristics, which opens new perspectives for the creation of biostable thermal insulation materials. Thus, the results of this work can serve as a basis for further research and development aimed at creating innovative composite materials with high temperature resistance and biostability using available and environmentally friendly plant raw materials.

Keywords: composite materials, lignocellulosic fillers, thermal stability, monoethanolamine(NB)-trihydroxyborate, biostability, thermal insulation materials, thermogravimetric analysis, polyurethane binder, casein glue

This article discusses the use of dolomites from the Bosninsky deposit in the production of building materials and products. This topic is very relevant at the present time, as the construction industry is developing, new types of structures are appearing, higher requirements are imposed on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete mixtures. Large volumes of concrete mix production require the use of local component deposits to improve technical and economic performance.

Keywords: construction, building material, dolomite, environmental pollution, ecology, concrete mix, new technology

The analysis of ultrasonic effect on mixing solutions and hydrophobization of solid phase in suspensions for construction purposes is carried out. It is shown that ultrasonic treatment leads to an increase in the mass content of particles with a radius of 2-7 μm in the mixing solution, which contributes to an increase in the relative tensile strength of the samples obtained on its basis. Ultrasonic treatment of suspensions with the same relative degree of hydrophobization of the solid surface led to different contact angles of wetting of solid particles: Ө = 120, 450, 930, 69.40 for clay, cement and silica particles. Ultrasound leads to a significant decrease in the volume fraction of liquid in a three-phase foam stabilized by hydrophobized clay particles, compared to the syneresis process in a gravitational field.

Keywords: three-phase foam, silica suspension, clay, ultrasound, mixing solution

The article deals with the influence of complex mineral additive "chemical water treatment sludge + flask or fly ash" on the frost resistance of building mortars depending on the redispersible polymer powder dosage from 0 to 3%. According to the results of research after 100 freeze-thaw cycles, the condition RF/R0 > 1.2 is met, and the k value according to clause 5.2.4 of GOST 10060-2012 after 100–125 freeze-thaw cycles ranged from 0.94 to 1.73, the minimum value of the relative modulus of elasticity EF/E0 = 0.97, and the residual expansion deformation did not exceed 0.03%. Building mortars with fly ash have higher frost resistance according to the bending strength criterion in comparison with mortars with flask. The frost resistance criterion for bending strength is more “strict” than the criteria according to GOST 10060-2012. It is not advisable to use a dosage of RPP greater than 2% for the production of building solutions with increased frost resistance requirements.

Keywords: frost resistance of building mortars, frost resistance criteria, redispersible polymer powders, compressive and flexural strength, elastic modulus, permanent expansion deformation

The paper studies the dynamic-mechanical characteristics of styrene-isoprene-styrene, polybutyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane block copolymers and their blends by dynamic mechanical analysis. It is found that blending of several types of polymers allows to extend the range of effective vibration absorption. A combination of polymers with high damping properties over a wide temperature-frequency range was determined. The influence of vibration frequency on dynamic-mechanical properties of composites has been investigated.

Keywords: polymer composite material, dynamic mechanical analysis, polybutyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, vibration absorption, damping material, glass transition temperature

The requirements for the energy efficiency of building structures are based on the balance of costs for their manufacture, operation and the effect that is achieved by saving heat. In conditions of relatively low cost of energy carriers, the use of seamless insulation systems, including those based on light or heat-insulating plasters, becomes expedient. The developed facade light plaster system has, at an average density of 400–500 kg/m3, adhesion strength to the substrate of 1.3–1.6 MPa; compressive strength of 4.7–5.5 MPa; frost resistance of 50 cycles. The system has thermal in-sulation up to 0.12 W/(moС), which, with a plaster coating thickness of 50 mm and a thermal resistance of the main structure of 1.6-2.0 m2oС/W allows you to obtain a system with a total thermal resistance of up to 2.3 m2oС/W, which fully meets the conditions of comfort or technological requirements.

Keywords: adhesive strength, energy efficiency, seamless insulation, thermal resistance

In the article, a floating liquefied natural gas plant located on a marine gravity platform in the Murmansk region was chosen as the object of research. The results of the development and selection of optimal concrete compositions using fiber fillers and modifying additives are presented. A set of works has been performed to determine the effect of basalt fiber fibers, as well as plasticizing additives on the structure and strength of fine-grained fiber concrete. Their advantages are shown and proposed for use in the constructions of tank hulls and other objects on a marine gravity platform.

Keywords: fibroconcrete, gas storage tanks, gravity platform, basalt fiber, superplasticizer

Authors considered the thermal inertial properties of some building envelope constructions which included the changes of internal surface layer materials. Researchers described the thermal and physical characteristics of 6 building surface layer materials. It has been determinate the radiant temperature of building envelope inside surface with changes of wall construction after 225 hours cooling process and initial temperature equal to +23 оС. Authors defined the cooling time of building envelope inside surface to 0 оС at different types of surface layer materials. Numerical experiment was done with modern program complex “Stf”. Modeling process was completed in program which was realized with finite difference method and constant heat transfer coefficient. There are new experimental results which were determinate during the research and realizing the mathematical model of non-stationary element’s cooling process. Results could be interested for researchers of thermal phenomena in building envelopes and designers of microclimate engineering systems in buildings and structures.

Keywords: air temperature, radiation temperature, stationary regime, non- stationary regime, building envelope, emergency regime, thermal inertia, inside surface layer, program, building materials