Methods and results of determining indicators of deformation and strength properties of soils using various laboratory test technologies are considered. The research objective is to verify the methodological correctness of the results obtained from tests in a compression odometer chamber with the ability to measure lateral stresses. The relevance of this development lies in the possibility of replacing this device with testing to determine the strength characteristics of the soil in shear devices. The results of tests of fine sand lying at the base of the projected sports and recreation complex at one of the construction sites in Penza are presented. The influence of the used test methods on the obtained values ​​of the strength and deformability characteristics is shown. Correlation indicators are revealed and corresponding conclusions and proposals are given. There is a possibility that the method is valid when some correlation coefficients are used. Therefore, in the future, it is necessary to conduct tests on different types of soils with the possible compilation of tables of conversion factors.

Keywords: sand, laboratory test methods; single-plane cut, odometric tests, strength characteristics, deformation characteristics

The paper considers the characteristics of cloud convection obtained in the course of computational experiments on the basis of a three-dimensional physical and mathematical model of convective clouds, which takes into account in detail the microphysical processes of nucleation, condensation or sublimation of water vapor, coagulation and accretion of precipitation particles, accumulation of volume electric charges, and an increase in the electric field strength. clouds due to charge separation processes occurring during the rapid freezing of large supercooled drops, accretionary growth of cereals and hailstones. Based on the data of numerical modeling using the noted model, the location in the volume of the microstructural parameters of thunderstorm clouds (water content and ice content), space charges, electric field strength, radar reflectivity in the centimeter range, and other parameters at fixed times of cloud evolution was investigated.

Keywords: convective cloud, cloud microstructure, cloud electricity, numerical three-dimensional model, radar reflectance, electrical coagulation

The formation and effective development of the knowledge economy in the country is possible only with a stable and Mature institutional environment. Indices of the knowledge economy and institutional regime calculated using the world Bank methodology determine the country's readiness for further development. According to the rating, Russia shows a problematic institutional component. The article examines the main institutional problems and barriers, namely institutional traps that hinder the development of the knowledge economy, explains their mechanisms and consequences for the Russian economy, and suggests ways out of them.

Keywords: knowledge economy, institutional traps, barriers, innovation, economic development, mechanism

The article discusses the causes of accidents in water supply and sanitation systems. methods for improving the quality of drinking water in the construction and reconstruction of water pipes, the use of new materials to reduce breakdowns on networks are considered. the analysis of the durability of pipelines made of various materials is carried out, according to which it is concluded which material is the best in use for installation work. frequent destruction of pipes occurs from an aggressive environment, so a comparative analysis of various materials from which they are made: polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, reinforced concrete, cast iron and fiberglass. due to poor-quality cleaning, there are environmental problems that occur when using old structures, lack of funding. It is concluded that fiberglass pipes can serve as a high-quality material.

Keywords: quality water, replacement of pipelines, water supply and sanitation, corrosion and destruction of pipes, new polymer material, pipe materials, comparison of pipes made of different materials, service life, wastewater treatment, ecology

The article deals with the laws of distribution of pollutants in a linear city. The highest values of carbon monoxide concentration were determined in the near-main territories of the Krasnoarmeysky district of Volgograd. Also in this paper, the question of the dependence of the level of gas pollution in the mainline areas on various factors, which include human activity and natural, natural factors, is raised. The influence of temperature inversions on the speed of pollution propagation and their limiting value in various points of the city is considered. For the experimental part, 18 points of technical measurements of CO concentration were taken, during which compliance with the MPC standards of the samples taken was revealed.

Keywords: linear city, district, law of distribution of carbon monoxide, transport of impurities, air pollution

The essence of strategic planning is revealed. The importance of strategic planning in construction is proved. The stages of strategic planning are briefly described. The strategic planning procedure is described. The stages of implementing the strategic plan are outlined.

Keywords: strategic planning, organization, construction, resources, financing, development, modeling, expert, implementation, information

The problem of experimental determination of the parameters of the error model of MEMS accelerometers is considered. Possible sources of errors and their nature are shown. When developing a model of errors, the influence of non-orthogonality of the axes, temperature dependences of the conversion coefficient, and displacement of zeros were taken into account. A mathematical model of the MEMS accelerometer errors and an algorithm for the experimental determination of its parameters have been developed. Specific structural schemes of the stands are presented. Their hardware and software implementation is described. Specific features of temperature control in a small-sized heat chamber with a heater and a cooler based on a Peltier element are considered. An example of experimental estimation of the parameters of the error model for one axis of the MPU6050 accelerometer is shown. The developed tools make it possible to start a systematic study and objective comparison of the characteristics of MEMS accelerometers from different companies, as well as to obtain their working error models suitable for use in filtering algorithms in the construction of various systems of inertial navigation and angular stabilization of objects.

Keywords: microelectromechanical systems, MEMS, errors, models, methods, designs, accelerometer, microcircuit, modeling

Based on the results of engineering and geological survey of real construction sites in Rostov-on-Don and the Republic of Kalmykia, the dynamics of subsidence processes on laboratory samples of loess soil tested for compression according to the "one curve" scheme according to GOST 23161-2012 was studied.

Keywords: subsidence, compression compression, odometer, loess soil, subsidence pressure, surveys, geomechanics, soil mechanics

The article describes the device and principle of operation of the Kurzanov-Semyonov kinematic support. Advantages and disadvantages of this type seismic isolation are also highlighted. In addition, the structural design scheme of the operated high-rise apartment building with and without kinematic support system was created in the Lira-CAD software package (CAE FEA software). Based on the computing results, a comparative analysis of the reaction of the building superstructure block under the influence of wind force in three directions was carried out. It was determined that the wind force does not affect the performance of the kinematic support system negatively.

Keywords: kinematic support (KS), seismic isolation, seismic protection, wind, wind load, Lira-SAPR, finite element method, shift, modal analysis

Recognition of radiation from celestial bodies by technical means is an important task in the orientation of spacecraft. For a device that is part of the Earth orientation device, a variant of modeling an electronic signal amplifier received from a pyroelectric sensor is studied. On the recommendation of the developers, the properties of trans-impedance operational amplifiers were studied, and suitable coefficients for the negative feedback circuit were selected. The type of output signal of the model is studied in comparison with the recording of values taken from a real photodetector. The preferred design of the model in the Matlab Simulink environment is shown – a model defined by an electrical circuit using the Simscape Electrical library.

Keywords: simulation of electric circuits, space orientation, photodetecting device, transimpedance amplifier, optoelectronic devices, space instrumentation

In this work, R, L, C - parameters of spiral structures with sizes l and S were determined to obtain artificial chiral substrates. This made it possible, given the parameters of the polarizability of the helical structures αij, to use these features to determine the conducting properties of metamaterials. The basic relationships have been determined (for determining the electrophysical parameters of spirals (left- and right-handed) that are included as chiral inclusions in the metamaterial. An algorithm for calculating conducting structures using the proposed equations is proposed.

Keywords: biological liquid medium, dielectric constant, complex dielectric constant, loss tangent, medium conductivity, frequency response, fluctuation, frequency range, biophysical parameter

The article reveals the results of the work carried out on modeling the dynamic model of the electric drive of the scanning mechanism of the Earth orientation device, which is based on a hybrid stepping motor. The simulation is based on NEMA 17HS3410 motor parameters. A brief description and features of hybrid stepper motors are provided. The simplest model of an electric drive is considered, in which there is a rigidly set moment of force, a moment of inertia of the rotor of an electric motor, and also the moments of dry friction and the moment of liquid friction are taken into account. It is shown how the change in the value of fluid friction affects the general behavior of the mathematical model of a hybrid electric motor. The behavior of a single-pole stepper drive is simulated. The relationship of the value of the moment of force acting on the rotor with the passport characteristics of the investigated electric motor is considered. The possibility of controlling the scanning mechanism based on P- and PI-controllers is estimated.

Keywords: electrodive, Simulink, moment of force, inetria moment, liquid fricton

The paper presents an integrated approach using machine learning methods for choosing a trading strategy on the currency exchange. The presented approach uses the calculation of the linear regression angle coefficient by log return indicators and determination of the BTC/USD currency pair quotes trend in the next period based on the calculated coefficient sign. The feedforward multilayer neural network is used to predict the angle coefficient value in the next ten minute period for the current twenty minute period. The paper proposes a combined approach to the use of machine learning methods for choosing a trading strategy in foreign exchange. The study presents the results of experiments evaluating the practical results of effective and ineffective strategies based on the predicted values ​​of linear regression coefficients.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production

The present paper presents studies of friction and wear characteristics occurring in the frictional contact zone when various frictional substances are forcibly introduced into the active contact zone by the method of molecular dynamics.

Keywords: friction activation, special material, method, quantum-chemical analysis, molecular dynamics, tribology, friction, computer simulation

This article analyzes the development of competition in the transport services market. The development of a competitive transport services market requires creating conditions for exceeding the level of supply of high-quality transport services over demand, as well as ensuring publicity and information openness of the market in terms of prices and quality of services. This will allow consumers to freely choose transport services, make the "price-quality" mechanism work, and make price and quality the subject of competition. Transport communications unite all territorial entities in the region, which is a necessary condition for the unity of its economic space.

Keywords: the transport services market, competition, the safety of passengers