The article presents a systematic review of scientific works by domestic and foreign authors devoted to modeling fires in tunnels for various purposes. Using the search results in the databases of scientific publications eLIBRARY.RU and Google Scholar, 30 of the most relevant articles were identified that meet the following criteria: the ability to access the full-text version, the material was published in a peer-reviewed publication, the article has a significant number of citations, and the presence of a description of the results of the authors’ own experiments. An analysis was made of the methodology used in the research, as well as the results of studying fires in transport tunnels (road, railway, subway) and mine workings presented in the works. A classification of publications was carried out according to the types of tunnel structures, cross-sectional shape, subject of research, mathematical model used to describe the processes of heat and mass transfer in a gaseous environment and heating of enclosing structures, software used, validation of experimental data, and the use of scaling in modeling. It has been established that the problems of mathematical modeling of fires in deep tunnel structures, as well as modeling of a fire in a tunnel taking into account the operation of fire protection systems, are poorly studied.

Keywords: fire modeling, tunnel, mathematical model, fire prediction, heat transfer, structures, systematic review

The article is devoted to the analysis of methods for obtaining light-transmitting concrete, a material that combines the strength of concrete with the ability to transmit light.It briefly reviews the history of the development of light-transmitting concrete, from the initial experiments to the modern achievements in this field. The main focus is on the composition of the material, where optical fibers are added to the traditional components, creating a transparency effect and allowing the use of concrete in the implementation of new architectural solutions. The production of light-transmitting concrete requires a special approach, including the precise distribution of fibers and their fixation in the matrix, which ensures uniform light distribution. Various methods of embedding fibers into concrete, their advantages and complexities, as well as potential directions for the development of technologies and the use of the material in construction, are discussed.

Keywords: translucent concrete, optical fiber, production technology, gypsum cement binder

In today's highly competitive business environment, understanding customer needs, preferences and behavior is of paramount importance. Customer identification software is a digital solution for accurate customer identification and authentication used in various sectors such as banking, healthcare, and e-commerce. Big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence technologies have greatly improved the customer identification process, allowing companies to improve personalization of services and products, and increase customer satisfaction. However, implementing AI for customer identification faces challenges related to protecting data privacy, training staff, and selecting the right AI tools. In the future, deep learning, neural networks and the Internet of Things may provide new opportunities for customer identification, providing higher levels of security and privacy. However, there is a need to comply with privacy legislation and ensure an ethical approach to the use of AI in customer identification.

Keywords: software, customer identification, traditional methods, machine learning, artificial intelligence, evolution of identification software, future trends

The article discusses issues of improving the quality and safety of pedestrian and vehicle traffic in underground linear structures. The main parameters of traffic safety in tunnel-type transport structures are considered. The scope of application of luminescent and retroreflective materials in the construction and operation of concrete and asphalt concrete pavements has been determined. Recommendations are given for the use of special luminous materials in construction practice.

Keywords: concrete, asphalt concrete, reflective coatings, luminescent materials, traffic safety

The paper discusses a method for constructing a nonlinear software reliability efficiency function. The proposed algorithm is based on the use of information about the values ​​of reliability criteria, as well as some expert judgments. This approach differs significantly from previously proposed models for assessing software reliability, which are based on a probabilistic approach. In the proposed method, in addition to objective information, subjective expert assessments are taken into account, which allows for a more flexible assessment of the reliability of software products.

Keywords: software reliability, probabilistic models, statistical models, partial performance criteria, linear programming, vector optimization, decision theory

With the development of digitalization of all spheres of society, the relevance of developing new software, and therefore methods of protecting it from illegal copying and reproduction, increases significantly. The main risks are related to both hacking of the finished release and leakage of individual code segments at the development stage. At the same time, the chances of leakage directly depend on both the number of specialists involved in the development process at different stages and the number of stages themselves. The purpose of this work is to develop an embedded module aimed at protecting software or its individual elements from illegal copying and further reproduction.

Keywords: software protection, information protection, embedded security module, hardware binding

The constant growth of cyber attacks on the financial sector requires the construction of a modern protection system based on the use of artificial intelligence or machine learning. The paper provides an analysis of specific products and solutions of the global market based on artificial intelligence technologies that can be used to protect critical information infrastructure.

Keywords: cyber attacks, critical infrastructure, artificial intelligence, information security, machine learning

The article consider the influence of illumination and distance on the recognition quality for various models of neural networks of embedded systems. The platforms on which the testing was carried out, as well as the models used, are described. The results of the study of the influence of illumination on the quality of recognition are presented.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, computer vision, embedded systems, pattern recognition, YOLO, Inception, Peoplenet, ESP 32, Sipeed, Jetson, Nvidia, Max

5G wireless networks are of great interest for research. Network Slicing is one of the key technologies that allows efficient use of resources in fifth-generation networks. This paper considers a method of resource allocation in 5G wireless networks using Network Slicing technology. The paper examined a model for accessing radio network resources, which includes several solutions to improve service efficiency by configuring the logical part of the network. This model uses network slicing technology and elastic traffic. In the practical part of the work, transition intensity matrices were constructed for two different configurations.

Keywords: queuing system, 5G, two - service queuing system, resource allocation, Network Slicing, elastic traffic, minimum guaranteed bitrate

The two level dynamic model is presented, representing the process of innovation implementation. The main task of this paper is conducting an analytical research of the model and different information regulations, designing solutions based on information regulations to find the best possible management of the subjects of the system. The system consists of several management entities (center, agents), the system is hierarchical. The Center manages the innovation process, agents promote innovations. But at the same time, agents have third-party income from activity that is not related to the promotion of innovations. The Pontryagin maximum principle is used for analytical research, the information regulations of the Hermeyer games G1, G2 are used. Numerical solutions are constructed, experiments are carried out, and the results are analyzed during the research.

Keywords: analytical research, Pontryagin's maximum principle, motivation, compulsion, Hermeyer games G1, G2, optimal management

The article examines methods for assessing the structural stability of raster images. The study proposes a comprehensive approach, including texture analysis, color characteristics, and object shape analysis. The author presents experimental results demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method on various types of images. The findings obtained enable the optimization of processes for processing and storing graphical information, which is important for various fields, including medicine, geology, and computer vision.

Keywords: raster image, filtering, morphology, relative mean square error rrmse, OpenCV, Python

The article examines methods for identifying semantic and formal management guidelines in monitoring the regulatory framework for ensuring fire safety in the Republic of Vietnam. The research includes in-depth semantic analysis, multi-level security parameters, the use of neural networks and innovative approaches to improve the effectiveness of the fire safety system at various levels. The work emphasizes the relevance of developing methods and tools for determining risk levels in the absence of clear numerical values of the accepted risk in legislation.

Keywords: in-depth semantic analysis, multi-level security parameters, neural networks, regulatory monitoring, fire safety, risk management, regulatory legislation, security innovations, fire inspectors, Republic of Vietnam

The article is devoted to the problem of optimizing the provision of resources in organizational systems, taking into account the factors of an aggressive external environment. The main task is to develop a model that will reduce costs when providing resources under various criteria and restrictions. The author proposes to use mathematical modeling to solve this problem. It examines various modeling and optimization approaches, including the use of linear and nonlinear functions, consideration of time and other parameters such as time, weather and possible risk. The article also discusses specific models of the external environment that can be used when calculating the effectiveness of the “Resource Provision - External Environment” system. In conclusion, the author suggests that the proposed approaches will help improve understanding of optimization processes and application of models in real-world settings.

Keywords: providing resources, mathematical modeling, optimization, risk management, organizational systems, external environment.

The article is devoted to the development of a new mathematical method for modeling radial plain bearings having a polymer coating with an axial groove on the bearing surface. For the calculation evaluation of technical solutions for wear resistance, the compressibility of a truly viscous lubricant under laminar flow conditions is taken into account. As a result, new mathematical models were obtained that make it possible to estimate the duration of the hydrodynamic flow regime of the lubricant, to prove the stability and possibility of changing lubrication modes from boundary to hydrodynamic, as well as to make a calculated assessment of the effect of compressibility of the lubricant and wear resistance on operational characteristics.

Keywords: modeling, mathematical method development, modified design, compressibility impact assessment

With the development of scientific and technological progress, the use of modern data forecasting methods is becoming an increasingly necessary and important task in analyzing the economic activity of any enterprise, since business operations can generate a very large amount of data. This article is devoted to the study of methods for forecasting financial and trade indicators using neural networks for enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory. The indicators under consideration are the company's revenue for the reporting period, the number of published (available for sale) goods, as well as the number of ordered goods during the day, week and month. In this study, a multilayer perceptron is considered in detail, which can be used in revenue forecasting tasks using neural networks, and neural network predictive models "MLP 21-8-1", "MLP 21-6-1", and "MLP 20-10-1" are built based on data from the online auto chemistry store Profline-23.

Keywords: automated neural networks, marketplaces, forecasting, neural network models, mathematical models, forecasting methods

Equipping roads with communications is complicated by the almost complete lack of roadside infrastructure, including power lines, as well as difficult terrain. When emergencies occur on this kind of country roads, residents are forced to seek help from nearby settlements that are well-connected. Therefore, providing suburban routes with communications is a key social task. Using an existing base station as an example, this article calculates the attenuation and propagation range of a radio signal for LTE technology and GSM technology, provides a comparative analysis, and uses methods of mathematical modeling and system analysis.

Keywords: LTE, GSM, Okumura-Hata model, Lee model, Longley-Rice model

The development of digital technologies stimulates widespread automation of processes in enterprises. This article discusses the problem of determining the values of the oil indicator of a transformer from the resulting image using computer vision. During the study, the device of the MS-1 and MS-2 oil indicators was studied and the features that must be taken into account when recognizing the device in the image and determining its value were considered. Based on the processed material, a method for recognizing device elements in an image has been developed using the OpenCV library and the Python programming language. The developed method determines instrument readings at different angles of rotation and in different weather conditions, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Keywords: technical vision, oil indicator, contour recognition, OpenCV library

This study examines the combination of several non-destructive partial discharge (PD) detection methods to improve the accuracy of their detection. An analysis of methods for detecting PD in high-voltage insulation, a consideration of their features, and an analysis of the possibility of combining them to achieve the most accurate measurements were carried out. Analysis of the practical effectiveness of combining methods based on the developed variations of installations operating on the principles of two or more detection methods. Options for installations for PD detection that combine two or more detection methods are considered. A conclusion is given about the possibility of combining various methods of detecting partial discharges, taking into account the peculiarities of this type of combination. The simplest and most effective at the moment is the use of measuring cells that combine electromagnetic and acoustic detection methods.

Keywords: partial discharges; non-destructive testing of insulation; high voltage insulator; diagnostic methods for insulators

The problem of increasing consumption of heat and energy resources in the high-rise residential sector in the conditions of dense urban development becomes more relevant every year both for its population and for management companies. In order to reduce operating costs, to reduce the dependence of engineering systems of high-rise residential building on urban infrastructure, it is proposed to introduce some energy-efficient organisational and technological solutions in the designed apartment building. In the course of the study, on the example of a high-rise 25-storey residential building in the city of Rostov-on-Don, a comparison of operating costs of thermal energy for heating with the use of energy-saving materials and structures, and costs in typical conditions of construction. The results of this work will allow, from a practical point of view, to analyse the feasibility of using such energy-efficient building envelopes and materials as foil PIR-insulation, low-emission four-chamber glazing, "green" roofing in high-rise housing construction.

Keywords: energy efficient building envelopes, heat consumption, heating costs, high-rise apartment block, economic analysis, sustainable construction

When studying the problems of water filtration to a single horizontal imperfect drain of finite length, in a system of interacting horizontal imperfect drains, it is necessary to consider spatial (three-dimensional) filtration problems. Unlike flat (two-dimensional) problems, spatial filtering has been studied in less detail, since it is difficult to obtain rigorous solutions to their problems.

Keywords: water supply facilities, filtration, equipotentials, drainage, borehole, pressure reservoir, drain, pressure, inflow, reservoir, watercourse

The possibility of architectural and spatial organization of a series of urban interiors located along the route of communication between buildings and faculties of university complexes of an “integrated” and “distributed” type is being considered. Requirements for such transit spaces are being formed. Options for a scenario for organizing such spaces are proposed, which is an algorithm for the spatial formation of successive functional zones and the student’s consciousness throughout the process of movement and learning. “Architectural-environmental modules” are proposed as a structural unit, including various equipment options and small architectural forms - as a means of organizing spatial scenarios. A typology of similar modules has been developed for various transit zones and types of urban spaces. This approach allows us to form and support the brand of the university as a unified communication space.

Keywords: university complex, transit urban spaces, scenario approach, functional-thematic zones, architectural and environmental modules.

The work is devoted to an urgent problem - the development of automated process control systems for the production of bricks with improved characteristics. The purpose of the article is to define and systematize the tasks of automation of brick production control systems, to develop both an algorithm for managing brick production and a generalized structure of automated control systems for brick production, and the tasks of the work are: optimization of control automation levels that determine the generalized structure of automated control systems for brick production, determination of information collection subsystems corresponding to the stages of brick production, and development of their structures, the choice of basic measurement tools for information collection subsystems. The results of the work are: systematization of requirements for modern automated process control systems, development of an algorithm for controlling technological processes and a generalized structural scheme of automated process control systems for brick production, development of information collection subsystems for the developed automated process control system, development of the structure of a local automated process control system in brick production - brick drying. The developed technical solutions can be recommended for control automation in various industries.

Keywords: brick production, technological process, drying, firing, control algorithm, automated control system, structural scheme, information collection subsystem, single-channel circuit, multi-channel circuit, measuring circuit, four-arm bridge circuit